Abstract
Introduction: Cesarean section is the most common surgical procedure performed in obstetrics. It has evolved as a lifesaving procedure for mothers and foetus during a difficult delivery. There has been a steady increase in the rate of the caesarean section this study was done to analyze the rate and indications for C-Section and associated maternal morbidity and mortality were the main objectives of the present study.

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted for a period of 1year from 1st Jan 2019 to 31st Dec 2019 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PES institute of medical sciences and research, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Data of patients who delivered by C-Section in our hospital during the study period were recorded and statistical analysis of various parameters such as caesarean section rates, type, its indications, the patient’s morbidity and mortality was done.

Results: The total numbers of women delivered over the study period were 3218, out of which C-Sections were 1422. The overall CS rate was 44.18%. Previous LSCS was the leading indication to the CS rate (42.61%) followed by CPD (24.82%), NRFS (7.31%), Maternal demand (5.13%), breech presentation (4.43%), oligohydramnios (3.72%) and failed induction of labour (4.21%). 12.26% of patients had various complications mainly infection (5.76%) and haemorrhage (4.31%). There was no mortality during this period.

Conclusions: A high priority should be given to a healthy baby and the mother rather than striving to achieve a specific rate. Institutional protocols for conditions like fetal distress, non-progress of labour and failed induction should be doctored. Inductions should be done only when necessary. A regular audit should be done to rationalize the C- Section rates.

Key words: Cesarean Section, Indications, Elective, Emergency, Rural Hospital